Crypto hash functions<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\nCrypto References:<\/p>\n
\n- Cipher<\/a><\/li>\n
- Stream Cipher<\/a>\u00a0– A\u00a0stream cipher<\/b>\u00a0is a\u00a0symmetric key<\/a>\u00a0cipher<\/a>\u00a0where plaintext digits are combined with a\u00a0pseudorandom<\/a>\u00a0cipher digit stream (keystream<\/a>). In a stream cipher each\u00a0plaintext<\/a>\u00a0digit<\/a>\u00a0is encrypted one at a time with the corresponding digit of the keystream, to give a digit of the ciphertext stream. An alternative name is a\u00a0state cipher<\/b>, as the encryption of each digit is dependent on the current state. In practice, a digit is typically a\u00a0bit<\/a>\u00a0and the combining operation an\u00a0exclusive-or<\/a>\u00a0(XOR).The pseudorandom keystream is typically generated serially from a random seed value using digital\u00a0shift registers<\/a>. The seed value serves as the\u00a0cryptographic key<\/a>\u00a0for decrypting the ciphertext stream.Stream ciphers represent a different approach to symmetric encryption from\u00a0block ciphers<\/a>. Block ciphers operate on large blocks of digits with a fixed, unvarying transformation. This distinction is not always clear-cut: in some\u00a0modes of operation<\/a>, a block cipher primitive is used in such a way that it acts effectively as a stream cipher. Stream ciphers typically execute at a higher speed than block ciphers and have lower hardware complexity. However, stream ciphers can be susceptible to serious security problems if used incorrectly (see\u00a0stream cipher attacks<\/a>); in particular, the same starting state (seed) must never be used twice.<\/li>\n
- Block Cipher<\/a> –\u00a0\u00a0a\u00a0block cipher<\/b>\u00a0is a\u00a0deterministic algorithm<\/a>\u00a0operating on fixed-length groups of\u00a0bits<\/a>, called\u00a0blocks<\/i>, with an unvarying transformation that is specified by a\u00a0symmetric key<\/a>. Block ciphers are important\u00a0elementary components<\/a>\u00a0in the design of many\u00a0cryptographic protocols<\/a>, and are widely used to implement\u00a0encryption<\/a>\u00a0of bulk data.<\/li>\n
- MD5\u00a0<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n